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使用策略设计模式分步指南在 C# 中实现数据库助手


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小浪云 2024-11-08 44

使用策略设计模式分步指南在 C# 中实现数据库助手

第 1 步:定义策略接口

首先创建一个接口isqlstrategy,声明getdatatable方法,该方法将由不同的数据库策略实现。

using system.data;  namespace myproject.util {     public interface isqlstrategy     {         datatable getdatatable(string sql);     } } 
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第 2 步:实施具体策略

接下来,为每种数据库类型(mysqlpostgresql 和 sql server)实现 isqlstrategy 接口。

mysql 策略:

using mysql.data.mysqlclient; using system; using system.configuration; using system.data;  namespace myproject.util {     public class mysqlquery : isqlstrategy     {         public datatable getdatatable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (mysqlconnection conn = new mysqlconnection(configurationmanager.appsettings["mysqlconnectionstring"]))                 {                     datatable dt = new datatable();                     conn.open();                     mysqlcommand command = new mysqlcommand(sql, conn);                     dt.load(command.executereader());                     conn.close();                     return dt;                 }             }             catch (exception e)             {                 console.writeline(e.tostring());                 return null;             }         }     } } 
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postgresql 策略:

using npgsql; using system; using system.configuration; using system.data;  namespace myproject.util {     public class npgsqlquery : isqlstrategy     {         public datatable getdatatable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (npgsqlconnection conn = new npgsqlconnection(configurationmanager.appsettings["npgsqlconnectionstring"]))                 {                     datatable dt = new datatable();                     conn.open();                     npgsqlcommand command = new npgsqlcommand(sql, conn);                     npgsqldataadapter _dap = new npgsqldataadapter(command);                     _dap.fill(dt);                     conn.close();                     return dt;                 }             }             catch (exception e)             {                 console.writeline(e.tostring());                 return null;             }         }     } } 
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sql server 策略:

using system; using system.configuration; using system.data; using system.data.sqlclient;  namespace myproject.util {     public class tsqlquery : isqlstrategy     {         public datatable getdatatable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (sqlconnection conn = new sqlconnection(configurationmanager.appsettings["tsqlconnectionstring"]))                 {                     datatable dt = new datatable();                     conn.open();                     sqlcommand command = new sqlcommand(sql, conn);                     sqldataadapter da = new sqldataadapter(command);                     da.fill(dt);                     conn.close();                     return dt;                 }             }             catch (exception e)             {                 console.writeline(e.tostring());                 return null;             }         }     } } 
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第 3 步:创建上下文类

sqlstrategy 类将使用 isqlstrategy 的实例来执行数据库操作。

using system.data;  namespace myproject.util {     public class sqlstrategy     {         private readonly isqlstrategy _sqlstrategy;          public sqlstrategy(isqlstrategy sqlstrategy)         {             _sqlstrategy = sqlstrategy;         }          public datatable getdatatable(string sql)         {             return _sqlstrategy.getdatatable(sql);         }     } } 
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第 4 步:实施客户端代码

最后,编写客户端代码来测试策略模式的实现。

using system; using system.data;  namespace myproject.util {     public class client     {         public static void main()         {             sqlstrategy sqlhelper = new(new tsqlquery());             datatable result = sqlhelper.getdatatable("select top (10) * from [product]");              foreach (datarow row in result.rows)             {                 foreach (datacolumn column in result.columns)                 {                     console.write($"{column.columnname}: {row[column]} 	");                 }                 console.writeline();             }         }     } } 
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总结

  • 定义策略接口:使用 getdatatable 方法创建接口 isqlstrategy。
  • 实施具体策略:实现 mysql、postgresql 和 sql server 的接口。
  • 创建context类:使用sqlstrategy类与策略交互。
  • 编写客户端代码:通过查询数据库来测试实现。
  • 这种方法可以让您轻松地在不同的数据库实现之间切换!

完整编码

using System; using System.Configuration; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using Npgsql; using MySql.Data.MySqlClient;  namespace MyProject.Util {     //Strategy (Interface)     public interface ISQLStrategy     {         DataTable GetDataTable(string sql);          //You could add more methods for "Create", "Update" as well     }      //Concrete Strategies     public class MySQLQuery : ISQLStrategy     {         public DataTable GetDataTable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (MySqlConnection conn = new MySqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MySqlConnectionString"]))                 {                     DataTable dt = new DataTable();                      conn.Open();                      MySqlCommand command = new MySqlCommand(sql, conn);                      dt.Load(command.ExecuteReader());                      conn.Close();                      return dt;                 }             }             catch (Exception e)             {                 Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());                  return null;             }         }     }      public class NpgSqlQuery : ISQLStrategy     {         public DataTable GetDataTable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (NpgsqlConnection conn = new NpgsqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["NpgSqlConnectionString"]))                 {                     DataTable dt = new DataTable();                      conn.Open();                      NpgsqlCommand command = new NpgsqlCommand(sql, conn);                      NpgsqlDataAdapter _dap = new NpgsqlDataAdapter(command);                      _dap.Fill(dt);                      conn.Close();                      return dt;                 }             }             catch (Exception e)             {                 Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());                  return null;             }         }     }      public class TSqlQuery : ISQLStrategy     {         public DataTable GetDataTable(string sql)         {             try             {                 using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["TSqlConnectionString"]))                 {                     DataTable dt = new DataTable();                      conn.Open();                      SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);                      SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(command);                      da.Fill(dt);                      conn.Close();                      return dt;                 }             }             catch (Exception e)             {                 Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());                  return null;             }         }     }      //Context     public class SQLStrategy     {         public ISQLStrategy _sqlStrategy;          public SQLStrategy(ISQLStrategy sqlStrategy)         {             _sqlStrategy = sqlStrategy;         }          public DataTable GetDataTable(string sql)         {             return _sqlStrategy.GetDataTable(sql);         }     }      // Testing the Strategy Design Pattern     // Client Code     public class Client     {         public static void Main()         {             SQLStrategy sqlHelper = new(new TSqlQuery());              DataTable result = sqlHelper.GetDataTable("SELECT TOP (10) * FROM [Product]");              foreach (DataRow row in result.Rows)             {                 foreach (DataColumn column in result.Columns)                 {                     Console.Write($"{column.ColumnName}: {row[column]} 	");                 }                  Console.WriteLine();             }         }     } }  
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